Guides

Guides to citation verification

Practical, tool-agnostic methods for checking that citations exist, are correctly attributed, and actually support the claims they're attached to.

How to verify the citations in an academic paper

The full method, step by step: confirm each reference exists, get the right version of the source, find the passage behind each claim, and judge support honestly.

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How to check whether an AI hallucinated a citation

ChatGPT and other AI tools invent plausible references — and miscite real ones. The two-pass check that catches both.

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Put the method to work

CiteFirm automates the mechanical steps and leaves the judgment to you.

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